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Post Stroke Depression Quiz - IV Ozone

[fa icon="calendar'] May 1, 2017 6:45:26 AM / by Isadora Guggenheim

Post Stroke Depression. 

According to the American Heart Association and the American Stroke Association, there are numerous psycho social risk factors for PSD that are also risk factors for depression without stroke such as, past psychiatric history, premorbid neurotic personality traits and social isolation.

Depression is common after stroke.

It affects approximately one third of stroke survivors at some point after the stroke. The frequency is highest in the first year, at nearly 1 in 3 stroke survivors, and declines thereafter. The pathophysiology of PSD is complex and likely involves a combination of biological and psycho social factors. PSD has been observed in individuals with anosognosia, and “[s]tudies have alluded to a direct involvement of the serotonergic system, regardless of the degree of disability and lesion location. According to a scientific statement from the AHA and ASA published in Stroke, citing study findings, “a meta-analysis of the most studied biological markers of PSD…showed associations between PSD and high postdexamethasone cortisol levels, lower serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, smaller amygdala volumes, and overall brain perfusion reduction.”

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There are specific German remedies to use to help repair and restore brain function. Patients responded well to the treatment as is cited in the international literature. If you have had a stroke with oxygen deficits - consider I.V. Ozone therapy. All therapies are MD ordered in NYS.

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1. Which of the following is/are psycho social risk factor(s) for both post stroke depression (PSD) and depression without stroke?

A. Past psychiatric history
B. Premorbid neurotic personality traits
C. Social isolation
D. Any of the above

2. Approximately __________ of stroke survivors experience depression.

A. One-third
B. Half
C. Three-quarters

3. True or False. The frequency of depression among stroke survivors is highest within one year after stroke.
A. True
B. False
 
4. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE regarding study findings of poststroke depression (PSD)?
A. PSD is based in both biological and psychosocial factors
B. Anosognosia may accompany PSD
C. The serotonergic system is involved in PSD only in patients with severe physical disability
D. A and B
 
 
5. According to a study of post stroke depression (PSD) biomarkers, PSD was found to be associated with increased __________.
A. Amygdala volumes
B. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels
C. Overall brain perfusion
D. Postdexamethasone cortisol levels
 
 
Answer Key:
1. D. All of the above
2. A. One-third
3. A. True
4. D. A and B
5. D. Postdexamethasone cortisol levels
 
 
 

For complete information, see:

Towfighi A, Ovbiagele B, El Husseini N, Hackett ML, Jorge RE, Kissela BM, Mitchell PH, Skolarus LE, Whooley MA, Williams LS; on behalf of the American Heart Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Poststroke depression: a scientific statement for hea

lthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2017;48:e30–e43. Accessed March 14, 2017.

Isadora Guggenheim

Written by Isadora Guggenheim

Isadora Guggenheim, ND, FNP, RN, MS, CNS, LMT, owner of Second Nature Naturopathic Care, LLC
For all appointments: Tel: 845 358-8385 Fax: 845 358-2963 drguggenheim@msn.com